Mary Cardell Thomas/HOSKEN, MWYP-QS2

Antwerp had reached the lowest point of its fortunes in 1800, and its population had sunk under 40,000, when Napoleon, realizing its strategic importance, assigned two million[clarification needed] to enlarge the harbor by constructing two docks and a mole and deepening the Scheldt to allow for larger ships to approach Antwerp.[12] Napoleon hoped that by making Antwerp's harbor the finest in Europe he would be able to counter London's harbor and stint British growth, but he was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo before he could see the plan through

was the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and also of Hanover from the death of his father, George III, on 29 January 1820 until his own death ten years later. From 1811 until his accession, he served as Prince Regent during his father's relapse into mental illness.

The first successful tunnel under the Thames. Nicknamed, The Great Bore, Brunel began this tunnel between Rotherhite and Wapping in 1824 taking 18 years to complete. The tunnel was constructed in much the same way used today in the construction of the Chunnel under the English Channel linking Folkestone and Calais. The tunnel was constructed by forcing an iron cylinder through the ground with men behind bricking up the tunnel as they went.

In 1830, the city was captured by the Belgian insurgents, but the citadel continued to be held by a Dutch garrison under General David Hendrik Chassé. For a time Chassé subjected the town to periodic bombardment which inflicted much damage, and at the end of 1832 the citadel itself was besieged by a French army. During this attack the town was further damaged. In December 1832, after a gallant defence, Chassé made an honourable surrender.

was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death. William, the third son of George III and younger brother and successor to George IV, was the last king and penultimate monarch of Britain's House of Hanover.

Article written by Robert McR. Higgins and published in the "East London Record", no.2 (1979). Republished with the kind permission of the East London History Society. The 'Cholera Morbus' was first described near Jessore, India, in 1817. In 1823 it had spread to Russia; by 1831 it was in Hamburg, and the first case in East London was on 12th February, 1832. For all the romance and fear attached to this seemingly inevitable march across the world, only about 800 persons died of the disease in the East End. In 1832 more people died of tuberculosis than cholera, and a child born of a labourer in Bethnal Green had a life expectancy of only 16 years. However, cholera evoked a response in social terms, and a contribution to the development of public health, of far more significance that its effect on mortality at the time. http://www.mernick.org.uk/thhol/1832chol.html 1832 Mary Shelley (1797-1851) Author of Frankenstein etc. takes up lodgings to avoid the cholera epidemic now menacing London. http://tng7.russellandcarol.co.uk/genealogy_tng/showmedia.php?mediaID=244

French Engineer Corps during the Siege of Antwerp Date 15 November – 23 December 1832 Location Antwerp Result French victory Belligerents Netherlands France French Kingdom Commanders and leaders Netherlands David Hendrik Chassé France Étienne Maurice Gérard Strength 4500 Armée du Nord

was the monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. From 1 May 1876, she used the additional title of Empress of India.