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King James II of England Stuart, m Anne Hyde (1637–1671) in 1659; had issue (2) Mary of Modena (1658–1718) in 1673; had issue

King James II of England Stuart, m Anne Hyde (1637–1671) in 1659; had issue (2) Mary of Modena (1658–1718) in 1673; had issue


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Male 1633 - 1701  (67 years)


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    Name King James II of England Stuart 
    Suffix m Anne Hyde (1637–1671) in 1659; had issue (2) Mary of Modena (1658–1718) in 1673; had issue 
    Birth 14 October 1633 
    Gender Male 
    Name 14 Oct 1633 (0 years) 
    14 October 1633 O.S.; James was the second surviving son of Charles I of England and Henrietta Maria of France, and was created Duke of York at birth 
    Name 14 Oct 1633 (0 years)  [Title] Duke of York Find all individuals with events at this location 
    second surviving son of Charles I of England and Henrietta Maria of France, and was created Duke of York at birth 14 October 1633 O.S. 
    Married 3 Sep 1660 (26 years)  [1] 
    ... the couple married secretly, then went through an official marriage ceremony on 3 September 1660 in London 
    Name 31 Dec 1660 (27 years)  [Title] Duke of Albany Find all individuals with events at this location 
    On 31 December 1660, following his brother's restoration, James was created Duke of Albany in Scotland, to go along with his English title, Duke of York 
    Legal,Law,Arrest 1669 (35 years) 
    James took Catholic Eucharist in 1668 or 1669, although his conversion was kept secret for almost a decade as he continued to attend Anglican services until 1676 
    Legal,Law,Arrest 1673 (39 years)  [Law] Test Act in 1673 Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Growing fears of Roman Catholic influence at court led the English Parliament to introduce a new Test Act in 1673.[49] Under this Act, all civil and military officials were required to take an oath (in which they were required to disavow the doctrine of transubstantiation and denounce certain practices of the Roman Church as superstitious and idolatrous) and to receive the Eucharist under the auspices of the Church of England 
    Married 20 Sep 1673 (39 years) 
    King Charles II opposed James's conversion, ordering that James's daughters, Mary and Anne, be raised in the Church of England.[51] Nevertheless, he allowed the widowed James to marry Mary of Modena, a fifteen-year-old Italian princess.[52] James and Mary were married by proxy in a Roman Catholic ceremony on 20 September 1673.[53] On 21 November, Mary arrived in England and Nathaniel Crew, Bishop of Oxford, performed a brief Anglican service that did little more than recognise the marriage by proxy 
    Married 21 Nov 1673 (40 years) 
    King Charles II opposed James's conversion, ordering that James's daughters, Mary and Anne, be raised in the Church of England.[51] Nevertheless, he allowed the widowed James to marry Mary of Modena, a fifteen-year-old Italian princess.[52] James and Mary were married by proxy in a Roman Catholic ceremony on 20 September 1673.[53] On 21 November, Mary arrived in England and Nathaniel Crew, Bishop of Oxford, performed a brief Anglican service that did little more than recognise the marriage by proxy 
    Legal,Law,Arrest Abt 1676 (42 years) 
    King Charles II opposed James's conversion, ordering that James's daughters, Mary and Anne, be raised in the Church of England 
    Name 6 Feb 1685 (51 years)  [Title] King of England Find all individuals with events at this location 
    King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685 
    Name 6 Feb 1685 (51 years)  [Title] King of Ireland Find all individuals with events at this location 
    King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685 
    Name 6 Feb 1685 (51 years)  [Title] King of Scotland Find all individuals with events at this location 
    King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685 
    Name 6 Feb 1685 (51 years)  [Title] King of England Find all individuals with events at this location 
    King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII from February 1685 until he was deposed in the 1688 Glorious Revolution. The last Catholic monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 
    Name 6 Feb 1685 (51 years)  [Title] King of Scotland Find all individuals with events at this location 
    King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII from February 1685 until he was deposed in the 1688 Glorious Revolution. The last Catholic monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 
    Name 11 Dec 1688 (55 years)  [Event] Glorious Revolution also known as the Revolution of 1688 Find all individuals with events at this location 
    James was formally deposed on 11 December 1688 OS in England and on 11 May 1689 OS in Scotland, and his daughter Mary II and her husband, William III, were made joint monarchs 
    Name 23 Dec 1688 (55 years)  [Title] King of England Find all individuals with events at this location 
    King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685, until he was deposed in the 1688 Glorious Revolution 
    Name 23 Dec 1688 (55 years)  [Title] King of Ireland Find all individuals with events at this location 
    King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685, until he was deposed in the 1688 Glorious Revolution 
    Name 23 Dec 1688 (55 years)  [Title] King of Scotland Find all individuals with events at this location 
    King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685, until he was deposed in the 1688 Glorious Revolution 
    Name 11 May 1689 (55 years)  [Title] King of Scotland Find all individuals with events at this location 
    James was formally deposed on 11 December 1688 OS in England and on 11 May 1689 OS in Scotland, and his daughter Mary II and her husband, William III, were made joint monarchs 
    Death 16 Sep 1701 
    Occupation 1676 (42 years) - James refused to perform either action[Test Act in 1673; oath (in which they were required to disavow the doctrine of transubstantiation and denounce certain practices of the Roman Church as superstitious and idolatrous) and to receive the Eucharist under the auspices of the Church of England], instead choosing to relinquish the post of Lord High Admiral. His conversion to Roman Catholicism was thereby made public
    23 Apr 1685 (51 years) - Despite all the furore over Exclusionism, James ascended his brother's thrones easily upon the latter's death – which occurred on 6 February 1685 OS – possibly owing to the risk that the said alternative might provoke another civil war.[56] ... Mary and James's £119,000 coronation, occurring on 23 April OS, Saint George's day, was meticulously planned.[58][59] Precedents were sought for Mary because a full-length joint coronation had not occurred since the coronation of King Henry VIII and Queen Catherine.[58]
    Person ID I14279  AHP
    Last Modified 2 Feb 2026 

    Father King Charles I House of Stuart, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland 27 Mar 1625-execution 30 Jan 1649,   b. 19 Nov 1600   d. 30 Jan 1649, Palace of Whitehall, Whitehall, London Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 48 years) 
    Relationship Birth 
    Mother Henrietta Maria of France, Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland from marriage 13 Jun 1625 until his execution 30 Jan 1649,   b. 25 Nov 1609   d. 10 Sep 1669 (Age 59 years) 
    Relationship Birth 
    Marriage 1625 
    Age at Marriage He : ~ 24 years and 1 month - She : ~ 15 years and 1 month. 
    Family ID F4394  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 1 Anne Hyde, d Charles's chief minister, Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon PC JP,   b. 12 Mar 1637, Windsor, Berkshire Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 31 Mar 1671, St James's Palace, London Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 34 years) 
    Marriage 3 Sep 1660  Worcester House, Strand, London Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Age at Marriage He : 26 years and 11 months - She : 23 years and 6 months. 
    Children 
     1. Charles Stuart,   b. Oct 1660   d. May 1661 (Age 0 years)  [Father: Birth]  [Mother: Birth]
     2. Queen Mary II Stuart, Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland with her husband, King William III and II, from 1689 until her death in 1694,   b. 30 Apr 1662   d. 28 Dec 1694 (Age 32 years)  [Father: Birth]  [Mother: Birth]
     3. James Stuart, Duke of Cambridge,   b. 12 July 1663, St James's Palace, London Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 20 Jun 1667 (Age 3 years)  [Father: Birth]  [Mother: Birth]
     4. Anne, Queen of Great Britain Stuart, Reign 8 March 1702 – 1 May 1707,   b. 6 Feb 1665, St James's Palace, London Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 1 Aug 1714, Kensington Palace, Kensington Gardens, Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, London Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 49 years)  [Father: Birth]  [Mother: Birth]
     5. Charles Stuart, Duke of Kendal,   b. 4 Jul 1666, St James's Palace, London Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 22 May 1667, St James's Palace, London Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 0 years)  [Father: Birth]  [Mother: Birth]
     6. Edgar Stuart, Duke of Cambridge,   b. 14 September 1667, St James's Palace, London Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 8 Jun 1671, Richmond Palace, Surrey Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 3 years)  [Father: Birth]  [Mother: Birth]
     7. Henrietta Stuart,   b. 1669   d. 1669 (Age 0 years)  [Father: Birth]  [Mother: Birth]
     8. Catherine Stuart,   b. 1671   d. 1671 (Age 0 years)  [Father: Birth]  [Mother: Birth]
    Family ID F4069  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
    Last Modified 25 Sep 2025 

    Family 2 Mary of Modena,   b. 5 Oct 1658   d. 7 May 1718 (Age 59 years) 
    Marriage 20 Sep 1673 
    Age at Marriage He : 39 years and 11 months - She : 14 years and 11 months. 
    Children 
    +1. James Francis Edward Stuart, House of Stuart,   b. 10 Jun 1688, St James's Palace, London Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 1 Jan 1766, Palazzo Muti, Rome, Papal States, Italy Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 77 years)  [Father: Birth]  [Mother: Birth]
    Family ID F4071  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
    Last Modified 25 Sep 2025 

  • Sources 
    1. [S37] Wikipedia.
      Upon his return to England, James prompted an immediate controversy by announcing his engagement to Anne Hyde, the daughter of Charles's chief minister, Edward Hyde.[26]

      In 1659, while trying to seduce her, James promised he would marry Anne.[27] Anne became pregnant in 1660, but following the Restoration and James's return to power, no one at the royal court expected a prince to marry a commoner, no matter what he had pledged beforehand.[28] Although nearly everyone, including Anne's father, urged the two not to marry, the couple married secretly, then went through an official marriage ceremony on 3 September 1660 in London.
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_II_of_England#First_marriage



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Dates/Calendars: Julian to Gregorian changes 1751/1752; Quaker dates Up to and including 1751, Julian calendar used in England, Wales, Ireland and British colonies overseas; year began 25 March (Lady Day) and ended following 24 March; ie 24 March 1750 followed by 25 March 1751;
1752 "Chesterfield's Act" (24 Geo II c.23 [1751]) English year begin 1 January: so 1751 was 25 March 1751 - 31 December 1751, followed by 1 January 1752;
by 1752 the Julian calendar was twelve days behind the Gregorian one; Chesterfield's Act also laid down that in 1752, 2 September should be followed by 14 September; NB important differences for Quaker dates